Since the 1980s, substantial progress has been made in improving residents’ death rates in Pennsylvania, as well as in the United States. However, ongoing racial/ethnic, socioeconomic, geographic and other disparities in health still exist and need to be addressed. This health disparity report highlights some of the differences in the health behaviors and outcomes between two racial groups (black and white populations) in Pennsylvania. Understanding disparities in the selected leading causes of death across the life span and gaps in health behaviors can promote awareness of health inequities among the public and enhance targeting of appropriate interventions.